State or Regional Park Systems and Protected Landscapes in the Territory of Puerto Rico

Guánica State Forest

A diverse Caribbean subtropical dry forest reserve spanning karst terrain and coastal habitats

Guánica State Forest serves as a primary protected natural area in southwestern Puerto Rico, defined by its arid subtropical climate and exceptional ecological diversity. This reserve incorporates a complex mosaic of ecosystems, including deciduous dry forest, mangrove channels, salt flats, and offshore keys. The landscape provides critical habitat for numerous endemic species while preserving the integrity of the Southern Karst geological zone and its surrounding maritime boundaries.

Boquerón State Forest

Coastal karst geology and mangrove-lined estuarine habitats

Spanning across Cabo Rojo, Lajas, and Mayagüez, Boquerón State Forest forms an essential protected landscape on the southwestern coast of Puerto Rico. The area provides a detailed atlas of ecological convergence, where extensive mangrove systems meet the dramatic limestone cliffs of the Los Morrillos peninsula and historic salt flats. This resource provides a deep look into the spatial distribution of these coastal habitats and their critical function in supporting Caribbean biodiversity and migratory bird flyways.

Piñones State Forest

Coastal mangrove reserve and protected forestland

Piñones State Forest is a significant protected area on the northern coast of Puerto Rico. This reserve features a low-lying landscape defined by intricate mangrove systems, coastal dunes, and rare endemic plant populations. Its proximity to the San Juan metropolitan area provides an important ecological buffer, offering a unique opportunity to map and study the intersection of Caribbean coastal woodlands and protected natural boundaries.

Guajataca State Forest

Explore the mogotes and cave systems of this regional forest

Guajataca State Forest protects a significant limestone karst landscape in northwestern Puerto Rico. The area is defined by its conical mogote hills, deep sinkhole drainage, and complex cave networks, including the notable Cueva del Viento. As a key part of the regional forest system, it offers a window into the geological and ecological makeup of the Northern Karst belt.

Carite State Forest

Mapping the Sierra de Cayey ecosystem and river headwaters.

Carite State Forest protects 2,600 hectares of rugged, volcanic mountain landscape in southeastern Puerto Rico. Known for its subtropical moist forest and high-elevation dwarf zones, the terrain provides a critical habitat for rare endemic species. The forest serves as a vital hydrological watershed, sustaining regional river systems through its complex network of ravines and forested mountain slopes.

Guilarte State Forest

Highland conservation and mapped mountain terrain in central Puerto Rico

Guilarte State Forest represents a essential protected area in the Cordillera Central of Puerto Rico. The reserve encompasses steep altitudinal shifts, ranging from mid-slope palm forests to summit-level cloud forests. As a headwater region for major river basins, the forest is a focal point for understanding the island's mountainous geography and conservation priorities for endemic species.

San Patricio State Forest

Mapping subtropical moist forest geography in Puerto Rico

San Patricio State Forest represents a unique conservation success as a reclaimed secondary forest within the San Juan metropolitan region. This protected area maintains the distinctive karst geology of Puerto Rico, featuring a prominent mogote landmark that provides habitat for endemic species and native plant communities amidst an urban environment.

Nuevo Milenio State Forest

A resilient secondary forest remnant serving the San Juan Bay estuary watershed.

Nuevo Milenio State Forest acts as a rare pocket of regenerating subtropical moist woodland within the dense urban fabric of San Juan. Its existence provides a stable habitat corridor and serves as a natural defense for the regional watershed, offering a unique opportunity to map and study urban-adjacent forest preservation in Puerto Rico.